![]() ![]() These correlations were performed in the older group. WAIS-III, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Third Edition PS, processing speed Cogn-PS-S, cognitive processing speed simple tasks PS-C, cognitive processing speed complex tasks Visual, visuoconstructive, visuoperceptive and visuospatial functions.Ĭorrelation between cognitive measures and cortical thickness/mean diffusivity (MD). Analyses in (A,B) were performed on 23 individuals, and analyses on (C) included the whole group of age 50 ± 2 ( n = 31). For instance, in attention, 40 means that 40% of the individuals showed a positive deviation, while -60 means that 60% of the individuals showed a negative deviation from the reference group. The y-axis in (C) represents the percentage of cases showing positive and negative deviation across cognitive domains. All negative deviations indicate worse performance in the group of age 50 ± 2). Deviation in individuals of age 50 ± 2 from the reference group (age 40 ± 2) was categorized in five levels depending on the degree of deviation (+0 SD = positive deviations indicating better performance in the group of age 50 ± 2 -0 SD = negative deviations from -0.01 to -0.50 SD -0.5 SD = negative deviation from -0.51 to -1.00 SD -1 SD = negative deviation from -1.01 to -1.50 SD -1.5 SD = negative deviation larger than -1.51. These findings may have important implications for early detection of subtle cognitive impairment and clinical interpretation of deviation from normality.Ĭognition cognitive reserve cortical thickness depressive symptomatology mean diffusivity middle-age subjective memory complaints white matter hyperintensities.Īcross-individuals variability in cognition. ![]() Studying variability offers valuable information showing that differences do not occur in the same magnitude and direction across individuals, cognitive domains and tasks. Moreover, this effect is influenced by cognitive reserve. Conclusion: Variability in cognition during middle-age is associated with neurodegeneration in the parietal-temporal-occipital association cortex and white matter tracts connecting this to the prefrontal dorsolateral cortex and the hippocampus. Across-domains and across-tasks variability was greater in several executive components and cognitive processing speed. No correlations were found with subjective memory complaints, white matter hyperintensities and depressive symptomatology. All these associations were influenced by cognitive reserve. A trend was also observed for the correlation between global cognition and hippocampal volume and female gender. Variability in global cognition correlated with, reduced cortical thickness in the right parietal-temporal-occipital association cortex, and increased mean diffusivity in the cingulum bundle and right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Results: Across-individuals variability showed greater dispersion in lexical access, processing speed, executive functions, and memory. Brain regional volumes and cortical thickness were calculated with FreeSurfer, white matter hyperintensities with CASCADE, and mean diffusivity with FSL. Comprehensive neuropsychological and structural imaging protocols were collected. Method: Thirty-one 50 ± 2 years old individuals were investigated as target group and deviation was studied in comparison to a reference younger group of 30 individuals 40 ± 2 years old. In order to understand possible determinants of this variability, we also investigated associations with cognitive reserve, neuroimaging markers, subjective memory complaints, depressive symptomatology, and gender. Focusing on early detection of neurodegenerative disorders, we investigated variability in cognition in healthy middle-aged adults. Objective: Increased variability in cognition with age has been argued as an indication of pathological processes. ![]()
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